Thermosensitive Light-Driven Smart Platform Induces Apoptosis of Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells and Macrophages for Enhanced Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy (2025)

    Biological and Medical Applications of Materials and Interfaces

    • Xiu Zheng

      Xiu Zheng

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

      Drug Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China

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    • Zongquan Zhang

      Zongquan Zhang

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

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    • Youkun Zheng

      Youkun Zheng

      Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

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    • Yilin Liu

      Yilin Liu

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

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    • Chengxi Wu

      Chengxi Wu

      Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

      More by Chengxi Wu

    • Xiaoya Liang

      Xiaoya Liang

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

      More by Xiaoya Liang

    • Xi Yang

      Xi Yang

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

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    • Jun Tang

      Jun Tang

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

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    • Xinghui He

      Xinghui He

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

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    • Chunhong Li*

      Chunhong Li

      Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

      *Email: [emailprotected]

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    • Guan Wang*

      Guan Wang

      Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

      Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopaedic Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

      *Email: [emailprotected]

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    • Meiling Zhou*

      Meiling Zhou

      Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China

      *Email: [emailprotected]

      More by Meiling Zhou

    Other Access OptionsSupporting Information (1)

    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2025, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXX

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    https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsami.5c01723

    Published April 18, 2025

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    Thermosensitive Light-Driven Smart Platform Induces Apoptosis of Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells and Macrophages for Enhanced Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy (5)

    Macrophage activation induces rapid proliferation and division of fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLSs), resulting in the degradation of cartilage matrix and bone destruction, which are the main pathological characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Inducing apoptosis in these inflammatory cells to mitigate the inflammatory response and alleviate bone damage is a potential therapeutic strategy for RA. In this study, we developed a smart platform for synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy by utilizing hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified thermally sensitive liposomes loaded with celastrol (CEL) and gold nanorods (GNRs), termed HA/Lipo-CEL-GNRs, for application in a rat RA model. Under laser irradiation, GNRs exhibited excellent photothermal effects due to localized surface plasmon resonance. The resulting increase in temperature not only effectively eliminated hyperproliferative inflammatory cells in the joints but also triggered CEL release from the thermosensitive liposomes, significantly increasing its concentration in the synovium. The synergistic effect of PTT and chemotherapy significantly promoted the apoptosis of FLSs and macrophages and effectively suppressed the inflammatory response in the RA microenvironment. In summary, multifunctional thermosensitive HA/Lipo-CEL-GNRs represent promising nanotherapeutic platforms capable of achieving light-driven enrichment of heat and therapeutic agents, significantly preventing the progression of RA.

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    • Apoptosis
    • Fluorescence
    • Immunology
    • Inflammation
    • Rodent models

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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2025, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXX

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    Published April 18, 2025

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    © 2025 American Chemical Society

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